Wardogs Loadout
Assault Rifle
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Galil vs M4

Both fire 5.56x45mm, so they start from the same damage per round. Against an unarmored chest the M4 kills faster. Behind a level 4 plate it stays ahead.

Both are assault rifles. The figures below come from the game's own damage tables, worked out on a chest shot against two reference targets: no armor, and a level 4 plate. Nothing here is an opinion about what to carry.

Measured side by side

MeasureGalilM4
Damage per roundchest, unarmored target30.830.8
Shots to killchest, unarmored target44
Time to killchest, unarmored target0.28 s0.23 s
Damage per roundchest, level 4 plate10.810.8
Shots to killchest, level 4 plate1010
Time to killchest, level 4 plate0.83 s0.68 s
Rounds per minuteas shipped650800
Effective rangemetres400 m500 m

A chest shot and two armor tiers is a slice, not the whole answer: a head shot, a limb, a level 2 plate or a different round all move these numbers. Lethality lets you set all of it and shoot the target yourself.